Linear regression calculation (OLS) for World apple production, 2000-2022. Data source: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/apple-production.csv (World rows 2000-2022) Model: y = mX + b, where X = calendar year. Number of points n = 23 SumX = 46253 SumY = 1722362288 SumX2 = 93015795 SumXY = 3465538556762 m = (n*SumXY - SumX*SumY) / (n*SumX2 - SumX^2) = (23*3465538556762 - 46253*1722362288) / (23*93015795 - 46253^2) = 42963898662 / 23276 = 933997797 / 506 b = (SumY - m*SumX) / n = -1840377599431 / 506 Equation: y = (933997797/506) X - 1840377599431/506 m decimal repeating = 1845845.4(4861660079051383399209) b decimal repeating = -3637109880.2(9841897233201581027667)